Security culture as a social resource of national security

Abstract

This paper presents security culture as a social resource and a factor in the development of the national security, involving two important processes: first, as a transfer of national culture into security culture, and second, as a transfer of national security into security culture. To develop this postulate, we have started from a national framework of security and security culture, and considered in what ways and including what factors, actors or institutions, the security culture should contribute to the development and maintenance of national security. There are many factors that affect the stability and development of national security. In addition to military, economic, political and technological factors arising from the empowerment and stability of democratic processes and the level of institutional development and efficiency, very important are also those that originate from the sphere of culture, national culture, and then security culture as well. Security culture that resulted from the national culture by strengthening and empowerment of the national identity in particular, through the strengthening of the national will, the citizens' patriotic awareness and readiness to defend the vital national values, is focused also to achieving permanent national objectives, primarily relying on its own resources and assets in all areas of social development. The focus of the paper is on the role and importance of the social elite and the national education system, when it comes to the transfer of the national culture to the security culture, and the role of government and social institutions, when it comes to the transfer of national security to security culture.

U ovom radu predstavljena je bezbednosna kultura kao društveni resurs i faktor razvoja nacionalne bezbednosti, uključujući dva bitna procesa: prvi, kao transfer nacionalne kulture u bezbednosnu kulturu i, drugi, kao transfer nacionalne bezbednosti u bezbednosnu kulturu. Da bismo razvili tu postavku, krenuli smo od nacionalnog okvira bezbednosti i bezbednosne kulture i razmotrili na koje sve načine i uključujući koje faktore, aktere ili institucije bezbednosna kultura treba da doprinese razvoju i očuvanju nacionalne bezbednosti. Brojni su faktori koji utiču na stabilnost i razvoj nacionalne bezbednosti. Pored vojnih, ekonomskih, političkih i tehnoloških faktora koji proističu iz osnaženosti i stabilnosti demokratskih procesa i institucionalne izgrađenosti i efikasnosti, veoma su značajni i oni koji potiču iz sfere kulture, nacionalne kulture, a zatim i bezbednosne kulture. Bezbednosna kultura koja je proistekla iz nacionalne kulture jačanjem i osnaživanjem, pre svega nacionalnog identiteta, kroz jačanje nacionalne volje, patriotske svesti građana i spremnosti da se brane vitalne nacionalne vrednosti, usmerena je i ka ostvarivanju trajnih nacionalnih ciljeva, prvenstveno uz oslanjanje na sopstvene resurse i kapacitete u svim domenima razvoja društva. Težište rada je na ulozi i značaju društvene elite i nacionalnog sistema obrazovanja, kada je u pitanju transfer nacionalne kulture u bezbednosnu kulturu, odnosno na ulogu državnih i društvenih institucija, kada je u pitanju transfer nacionalne bezbednosti u bezbednosnu kulturu.