Shanghai cooperation organization

Abstract

Shanghai Cooperation Organization was founded in 2001 under a Declaration signed by the leaders of five independent states from the territory of former Soviet Union and the President of the People's Republic of China. The Charter, adopted by the organization's member states as their basic document, emphasizes their commitment to strengthen their mutual trust and good-neighborliness and friendly cooperation; to keep and maintain the peace, stability and security of the region; as well as to fight together against all forms of terrorism, separatism and extremism. Although there are significant differences between the member states in almost all matters of social and governmental organization, over its ten-year existence the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has proved its vitality and has become respectable entity not only of the regional but also of international cooperation on the whole. In recent years all main actors of contemporary international relations have tried to establish and develop the cooperation with this important intergovernmental association. What the further development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization will be like and where the organization will be positioned within the future world order is difficult to be definitely determined. Apart from the role of the two leading states of this organization - Russia and China, its eventual position will be greatly influenced by other major international factors as well, which, in the era of unstable energy and other forms of security, find the area of Central Asia ever more significant and attractive.

Šangajska organizacija za saradnju formirana je 2001. godine, Deklaracijom koju su potpisali predsednici pet samostalnih država sa prostora bivšeg sovjetskog saveza i predsednik Narodne Republike Kine. Prema Povelji, koju su članice ove organizacije usvojile kao svoj osnovni dokument, istaknuta je njihova opredeljenost da učvršćuju međusobno poverenje i dobrosusedsku saradnju, da održavaju i jačaju mir, stabilnost i bezbednost u regionu, kao i da se zajednički bore protiv terorizma, separatizma i ekstremizma svih oblika. Iako među državama članicama postoje značajne razlike po skoro svim pitanjima društvenog i državnog ustrojstva, Šangajska organizacija je za deset godina postojanja dokazala svoju vitalnost i postala respektivni subjekt, ne samo regionalne, već i međunarodne saradnje u celini. Poslednjih godina svi glavni faktori savremenih međunarodnih odnosa nastoje da uspostave i razvijaju saradnju sa ovom značajnom međudržavnom asocijacijom. Kakav će biti dalji razvoj Šangajske organizacije za saradnju i gde će se ona pozicionirati u okviru budućeg svetskog poretka, teško je jednoznačno odrediti. Pored uloge vodećih zemalja ove organizacije - Rusije i Kine, na krajnji ishod tog njenog položaja umnogome će uticati i drugi značajni međunarodni faktori kojima, u eri nestabilne energetske i drugih oblika bezbednosti, prostor Centralne Azije postaje sve značajniji i primamljiviji.